Apa pengertian explanation text dan bagaimana struktur, unsur, dan contohnya?

Explanation text adalah teks yang berisi tentang proses-proses yang berhubungan dengan fenomena-fenomena alam, sosial, ilmu pengetahuan, budaya, dan lain-lain. Teks ini menjelaskan tentang "mengapa" dan "bagaimana" sesuatu terjadi. Tujuan komunikatif dari teks ini adalah untuk menerangkan proses-proses yang terjadi dalam pembentukan atau kegiatan yang terkait dengan fenomena-fenomena alam, sosial, ilmu pengetahuan, budaya, dan lain-lain.

Struktur explanation text ini sebagai berikut:

• A general statement: bagian ini berisi penjelasan umum tentang fenomena yang akan dibahas.
• A sequenced explanation: bagian ini berisi tentang penjelasan proses mengapa dan bagaimana fenomena tersebut bisa terjadi.
• Closing: bagian ini berisi langkah akhir dari sequenced of explanation yang dijelaskan pada bagian sebelumnya.

Unsur kebahasaan explanation text sebagai berikut:

• Penggunaan simple present tense (s+v1s/es). Contoh: Tsunami brings

  great damage.

• Penggunaan abstract noun. Contoh: the temperature.
• Penggunaan passive voice. Contoh: The plastic waste had been recycled.
• Penggunaan action verbs. Contoh: The noise sends

  vibration.

• Penggunaan compound and complex sentences. Contoh: Chlorophyll looks green because it absorbs the red and blue light, making these colors unavailable to be seen by our eyes.

Contoh explanation text:

Explanation texts yang berhubungan dengan lingkungan alam.

How Do Seasons Happen?

Seasons come to us regularly. We have probably noticed that it gets warmer in summer or dry season while it gets colder in the winter or wet season. However do we know how these seasons change?

Season happen and change every year. This happens because the earth tilts back and forth as it goes around the sun. During the summer, the earth tilts toward the sun. It makes half of the earth hotter. This condition is what we call summer. During the other half of the year, the earth tilts away from the sun. As a result, it makes that half of the earth cooler. This cool condition is then what we call winter.

The different parts of the world have the same season at different times. In the northern half of the world, winter happens during the months of December, January, and February. The regions are North America and Europe. On the other hand, the southern half of the world has winter during the months of June, July, and August. The regions are like Southern America and Australia. How does this difference happen? The same season happens at different times because the top and bottom halves of the earth tilt away from the sun at different times.

Dari contoh explanation text di atas dapat kita ketahui bahwa:

A general statement:

Seasons come to us regularly. We have probably noticed that it gets warmer in summer or dry season while it gets colder in the winter or wet season. However do we know how these seasons change?

A sequenced explanation:

Season happen and change every year. This happens because the earth tilts back and forth as it goes around the sun. During the summer, the earth tilts toward the sun. It makes half of the earth hotter. This condition is what we call summer. During the other half of the year, the earth tilts away from the sun. As a result, it makes that half of the earth cooler. This cool condition is then what we call winter.

The different parts of the world have the same season at different times. In the northern half of the world, winter happens during the months of December, January, and February. The regions are North America and Europe. On the other hand, the southern half of the world has winter during the months of June, July, and August. The regions are like Southern America and Australia.

Closing:

How does this difference happen? The same season happens at different times because the top and bottom halves of the earth tilt away from the sun at different times.

Sekian dan semoga tulisan ini dapat bermanfaat.